EVENTS OCCURRING IN THE ENVIRONMENT

EVENTS OCCURRING IN THE ENVIRONMENT

EVENTS OCCURRING IN THE ENVIRONMENT
Meaning:
Environment refers to all things surrounding an organism or refers to a total of all
surroundings of all living organisms. The environment influences activities and
behaviour of human beings and other living things. It also consists of living and nonliving
things.
IMPORTANCE OF THE ENVIRONMENT

1. It is the habitat of living things.
2. It leads to the development of economic activities through different
   resources such as minerals, water, forest and air.
3. Environment is a source of oxygen used by living organisms.
4. It is a source of building materials for example, timber.
5. It helps in plant growth which in turn is a source of medicine,
6. It facilitates development of tourism activities through different
   features such as waterfalls and mountains.
   TO PRESERVE THE ENVIRONMENT
   To preserve means to protect something from being destroyed. To preserve the
   environment means to protect the environment from being destroyed. In other
   words, it is the process of preserving the environment for proper and suitable use.
   Conservation of environment is the responsibility of all members living in the
   community.
   WAYS USED TO PRESERVE THE ENVIRONMENT
7. Planting trees. Trees help to absorb different harmful gases in the
   atmosphere such as carbon dioxide.
8. Using organic manure in agricultural activities.
9. Recycling of wastes,
10. Afforestation and reforestation programs should be established.
11. Educating people on how to undertake their activities properly
12. Applying proper fishing methods.
13. Population control. Through having manageable number of people, which
    will reduce amount of environmental destruction.
14. Formulation of strict policies that govern people on preserving the
    environment for example, how to dump wastes.
    A. TO ASSESS ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
    Environmental degradation refers to the deterioration of the quality of the
    environment through air, water and land pollution. The situation makes the
    environment useless in different aspects such as agriculture and fishing which is
    harmful to living things’ survival.
    CAUSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
15. Disposal of untreated sewage into the water bodies. This sewage comes
    from the industries, hospitals, mining centres and schools.
16. Poor fishing methods, like the use of harmful chemicals which leads to water
    pollution.
17. Construction activities: For example road construction, airport construction
    and setting of houses leads to introduction of dust into the air as well as
    causing pollution.
18. The use of charcoal, coal and firewood for cooking and lighting
    pollutes the environment.
19. Poor methods used in agricultural activities, such as spraying some
    chemicals like insecticides, land clearing and wildfires make the
    environment lose itsquality
20. Mining activities. They lead to the emission of dust, smoke and other harmful
    gases into the atmosphere.
21. Oil spills from the leaking oil pipes and containers.
22. Industrial activities. They contribute to environmental degradation through
    addition of harmful gases in the atmosphere and water pollution through the
    disposal of sewage into the water bodies and land pollution/degradation
    through addition of harmful solid materials.
    WAYS USED TO REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
23. The oil pipes and containers should be kept properly and frequently inspected.
24. Using environmental friendly agricultural methods like the use of manure
    rather than artificial fertilizers.
25. Educating people on how to undertake activities properly without
    destroying the environment.
26. Proper management of waste for example, through recycling process.
27. Radioactive (toxic) materials should be dumped deep in the ground.
28. Formulating strict policies and punishment as well as fines to those who
    pollute the environment.
29. Afforestation and reforestation must be enhanced.
30. Encouraging people to use natural gas and other sources of energy.
    Exercise
    Read the questions below and write the correct answers in the space provided.
31. Mention four (4) importance of the environment.
    i.
    ii.
    iii.
    iv.
32. Give six (6) ways of conserving the environment.
    i.
    ii.
    iii.
33. What is environment degradation?
34. How human beings cause environmental degradation in his/her environment? (5
    points)
    i.
    ii.
    iii.
    iv.
    v.
35. Mention five (5) ways of reducing environmental degradation.
    i.
    ii.
    iii.
    iv.
    v.
    A. TO CLARIFY, WAYS OF PROTECTING WATER SOURCES
    Water sources include streams, rivers, damns, lakes, seas and oceans.
    B. WAYS OF PROTECTING WATER SOURCES
36. Encouraging proper use of fishing methods.
37. Recycling of waste rather than throwing them into the water bodies.
38. Establishment of population control policy. This will reduce the
    amount of environmental pollution.
39. The oil containers and pipes should be kept properly and frequently
    inspected so as to avoid the problem of soil spillage.
40. Managing the use of fertilizers and chemicals in agriculture through
    encouraging the use of organic manure.
41. To stop doing human activities nearly water bodies.
42. To stop polluting water bodies through throwing rubbish into them.
43. To educate people on how to preserve water bodies
    EFFECTS OF DESTROYING WATER SOURCES
    The following are the effects of destroying water sources:
44. It can lead to death of plants and animals.
45. It can lead to spread of diseases such as diarrhoea, typhoid and cholera.
46. Water pollution leads to the emission of bad smell that destructs
    comfortability to the people around water sources.
47. It leads to decline of tourism activities.
48. The death of fish leads to the loss of valuable source of protein to human
    beings
    TO KEEP RECORDS OF HISTORICAL EVENTS
    Historical events – refers to events that happened in the past. Therefore, keeping
    records of historical events means to preserve the records of events that happened
    in the past. Recording events helps to keep inforrmation for the current and future
    use, In looking at historical events that happened in Tanzania. we take the events
    that happened from 1964 up to date.
    A. The table below shows the time and events that happened in Tanzania
    B. WAYS OF KEEPING RECORDS OF HISTORICAL EVENTS
49. HISTORICAL SITES
    These are special places whereby the past remains can be found and shown to the
    public. They comprise man’s physical development, tools that were made and used
    from time to time. Example of historical sites in Tanzania includes Kondoa Irangi
    Engaruka, Bagamoyo, Zanzibar, Kilwa, Mafia, Kagera, Olduvai Gorge and Isımila.
50. MUSEUMS
    These are places or buildings where information and objects are preserved It
    involves all the
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