PROMOTION OF LIFE SKILLS

civics notes III

Meaning of life skills

Life skills are the means or the ways through which a person can live well in a society or can

manage well his or her life and that of other people.

The importance of promotion of life skills in modern society have been accelerated by the

scientific and technological advancement.

In order to survive in this competitive world of the undergoing changes good leadership, team

work, positive relationship, self worth and self confidence are required from among the member

of society or community.

Meaning

Leadership is the ability of an individual to influence motivates and enables others to contribute

the success of other organization of which they are members.

Or

Leadership is the situation where by somebody is given a position to direct other people, groups,

country or organization by showing the way to achieve stated goals.

Good leadership is that made by people for their benefits.

Who is a leader?

A person who leads a group of people or a country or an organization. A leader can either be

elected by people or appointed according to the laws of the country or organization

Roles of a leader

1. 2. 3. 4. To make decisions on behalf of the community and supervise the implementation of the

community

To unite the followers so as to facilitate achievements of the objectives

To formulate problem solving strategies in order to bring economic change to people’s

life

To mobilize the community in creating and implementing varies projects for

development

Types of leadership

There are 2 types of leadership known as

1. Democratic leadership.Where by the leaders are obtained through democratic processes i.e. free and fair elections

Also it can be through appointments as stated in the constitution

2. Dictatorship leadership.

Where by leaders come into power by using force and supported by armed forces

Sometimes a dictator is changed after being elected e.g. Adolf hilttler got into power by election

and he changed into a dictator even the democratic leadership can violate democratic principle

by going against the constitution [ laws]

Good leadership

Any good leadership involves elements of vision. A vision provides direction to influence the

process.

end

A leader can have various visions of the future and how to lead the people towards a successful

A vision of effectiveness should alleged

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A person as a simple yet vibrant image in the mind of a leader

Describe a future state , credible and preferable to the present state

Act as a bridge between the current state and a future optimum state

Appear desirable enough to organize followers

Succeed in speaking to followers at an emotional and spiritual level

THE BEHAVIOUR OF A GOOD LEADERSHIP

The following are the behaviors and effects of a good leadership

1. Vision

An outstanding leader articulates and ideological vision with the deeply held values of followers

a vision that describes a better future to which the followers have an alleged moral right.

2. Self sacrifice

Leaders display passion for and have strong conviction of what they regard as moral correctness

of their vision.

They engage in outstanding or extra ordinary behavior and make sacrifice in the interest their

vision and mission.

3.confidence, determine and persistenceAn outstanding leadership displays a high a degree of faith in the attainment of the vision they

activated.

4.Image building

Leaders are self conscious about their own image recognizing the disability of follower

preaching them as competent credible and trust worth.

5.Role modeling

Leaders’ image building sets for effectiveness role modeling because followers identify with the

values of role models whom they perceived in positive forms.

6.External representation

An outstanding leader acts as a spokes person for respective organizations to external

constituencies.

7. Expectations and confide in fellow outstanding leader

Communicated expectations of high performance from their followers and strong g confidence in

their followers’ ability to meet such expectations.

8. Selective motive arousal

An outstanding leader arouses the motives of followers that the leaders see as of special

relevance to the successful accomplishment of the vision and mission.

9. From alignment

To persuade followers to accept and implement changes this refers to the linkage of individuals

and leader interpretative orientations such that some set of followers interest involve beliefs as

well as leaders activities goals and becomes congruent and complementary.

10. Operational communication

An outstanding leader often but not always communicates their message in an inspiration manner

using vivid stories, slogans, symbols and ceremonies.

IMPORTANCE OF GOOD LEADERSHIP

 Helps in accomplishing a set of goals

 It promotes community participation in development activities

 It invites creation of projects for community’s development

 It encourages the community to build trust or the leaders

 It helps to maintain peace and harmony in the community It promotes the national development economically socially and culturally

TEAM WORK

A set of persons working together with a team spirit.

A team spirit means willingness to act for a group rather than an individual benefit

Hence team work means combined efforts or organization cooperation

Why effective team work is good

 It is a large measure of motivation which lies in being part of a team with a recognized

identity where the members feel that they are part of a cohesive unit working towards a

broad goal

 Usually the output of the effective team work is greater than what would be achieved by

the member working individually this tends to produce good quality of output being at

school office shamba army etc

TEAM ROLES

Effective is that their success is brought about by some of their technical abilities in mental

activities drive humor communication skills and through a combination of different types of

people.

There are four common theories which guide the effectiveness of the team roles

1. Thinkers

2. Doers

3. Careers

4. Leaders

 Thinkers

Are a set of people who tend to produce carefully throughout ideas and soberly weigh up the

contribution of others.

They are useful planners and help to curb the impetuosity of the doers

 Doers

Are the task oriented and can be exhibited ‘’funnel vision’’ where all they can see is driving on

and getting jobs they are useful as time controllers and keeping the team focused on the

objectives.Both thinkers and doers concentrate upon the work in hand without necessarily appreciating the

importance of the human dimension

 Carriers

Are people who have a bias towards people and their needs.

They understand the importance of productive relationships between their members carrier

maintain harmony through smoothing cheering up people promoting humor, helping people in

difficult and easy tension within the group.

Hence carriers are needed to keep up morals to maximum effectiveness and to co ordinate the

role of a leader.

 Leaders

Are people who create and maintain the environment where people can make their contributions

in order to maximize their effectiveness of the whole team. Hence they are like the conductor of

the orchestra who through standing the experience and approach create the whole of which is

greater than the sum of parts

HOW TO MAKE A TEAM WORK EFFECTIVE

A leader can make a team effective by paying attention to the following:

 Understanding the objectives

 Knowing the people

 Assigning the roles

 Communicate objectives

 Planning

 Delegation of power

KUPATA NOTES KAMILI WASILIANA NASI

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